2. What is a measurable area of defined or occupiable space?
a. mass
b. substance
c. vista
d. volume
e. bulk
3. The purpose of the substitution technical method is to
a. subtract from the sculpture.
b. add to the sculpture.
c. duplicate the sculpture.
d. model the sculpture.
e. change the sculpture.
4. Historically the earliest technical means used for creating a piece of sculpture was
a. welding iron.
b. pouring cement.
c. modeling plaster.
d. carving stone.
e. pouring bronze.
5. Name a principle of order that would best describe the sculpture, titled “The Stone Within” by Isamu Noguchi (see figure AF 9.1).
a. economy
b. rhythm
c. movement
d. dominance
e. variety
6. Bolts, screws, and nails are materials a sculptor would use in working in the __________technical method.
a. subtraction
b. addition
c. manipulation
d. substitution
e. duplication
7. A sculptured shape might be a negative space---a three-dimensional open area that penetrates through a solid material. Such a shape in sculptural terms is called
a. an empty space.
b. a hole.
c. a cut.
d. a void.
e. a blank area.
8. The sculptor, Alexander Calder, used what technical method to create his three-dimensional art works?
a. addition
b. manipulation
c. subtraction
d. substitution
e. duplication
9. What kind of movement does the sculptor, Ernst Barlach, demonstrate in his bronze piece, “The Avenger” (see figure AF 9.43)?
a. actual
b. driving
c. implied
d. suggested
e. applied
10. Name the three-dimensional artist who introduced actual physical moving sculptures called “mobiles”.
a. Nancy Graves
b. Kenneth Snelson
c. Alexander Calder
d. Jose De Rivera
e. Beverly Pepper
11. In three-dimensional art “Time” is an element unique to the art viewer. It is experienced best when being involved in
a. viewing three-dimensional art from one side.
b. a relationship that moves the observer around the work or when the work turns.
c. viewing three-dimensional art from above.
d. viewing a work from the back side.
e. a relationship that directs the observer to the front view.
12. What are the types of textures that are used by the three-dimensional artists?
a. actual, simulated, invented
b. non-objective, actual, smooth
c. invented, objective, actual
d. actual, simulated, non-objective
e. objective, simulated, non-objective
13. In the substitution technique, the sculptor begins by creating a MODEL in one material, transfers it by means of a _____________ to another more permanent material which is called the CAST.
a. TEMPLATE
b. GATE
c. GAUGE
d. FENCE
e. MOLD
14. Name two kinds of relief sculpture : 1. shallow or low and 2.____________.
a. middle
b. deep
c. high
d. long
e. wide
15. Three-dimensional ______________balanced sculptures are spherical, open, and have visible fulcrums.